Table 1. Comparison between astroparticle physics and astronuclear physics

Category	Astroparticle physics	Astronuclear physics
Experiments / Observations	Underground detectors, space-based observatories	Accelerator facilities (e.g., RAON), nuclear experiments
Simulations	Geant4-based detector simulations, cosmic-ray (CR) propagation models	Nuclear many-body methods (NCSM, coupled cluster, IM-SRG, HFB)
Computational Focus	Particle transport, interaction with detectors, signal reconstruction	Nuclear structure, reaction rates, equation of state (EOS)